Human rights activists stand guard

The Forum of Women’s NGOs of Kyrgyzstan in order to resist gender-based violence in the name of culture and religion continues to publish materials about women’s rights defenders.

A human rights defender is a person who, individually or in association with others, acts or proposes to act to promote, protect or make efforts to protect and fulfill human rights and fundamental freedoms at the local, national, regional and international levels.

Women’s rights advocates are all women and girls who are involved in any human rights issue (“women’s human rights defenders” and “girls’ human rights defenders”), as well as people of any gender who are engaged in the promotion of women’s rights and rights related to gender equality.

Human rights defenders are at risk of persecution, arrest and pressure.

The state is obliged to protect individuals, groups and bodies of society in the promotion and protection of universally recognized human rights and fundamental freedoms in accordance with:

Universal Declaration of Human Rights
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
Declaration on the right and duty of individuals, groups and bodies of society in the promotion and protection of universally recognized human rights and fundamental freedoms
Mechanism of the UN Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders
Fact #29 – “Human Rights Defenders: Protecting Human Rights Defenders”, UN
Guidance on submission of communications to the UN Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders
Principles relating to the status of national institutions for the promotion and protection of human rights (Paris Principles)
Resolution No. 273 adopted at the African Commission on Human Rights
European Union Guidelines for the Protection of Human Rights Defenders
Guidelines for the Protection of Human Rights Defenders, OSCE
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For the promotion and protection of human rights and freedoms, everyone has the right, individually and in community with others:

Promote and strive to protect and fulfill human rights and fundamental freedoms at the national and international levels
Hold peaceful meetings or gatherings
Create NGOs, associations or groups, join them and participate in their activities
Liaise with NGOs or intergovernmental organizations
Know, seek, obtain, receive and have information about all human rights, including how they are ensured
Freely publish, transmit or disseminate opinions, information and knowledge
To study, discuss, form and have opinions regarding the observance of all human rights
Participate in peaceful activities directed against violations of human rights and fundamental freedoms.
To the effective protection of legislation

The State, on the other hand, takes all necessary measures to ensure protection against any violence, threats, retaliation, de facto or de jure negative discrimination, pressure or other arbitrary action in connection with the legitimate exercise of its rights.

Positive and negative obligations of the state:

Refrain from any action that violates human rights
Protect human rights from abuse and other actions committed by third parties due to their human rights activities
Take active measures to encourage the full realization of human rights, including protecting human rights.

Ensuring that human rights defenders are able to exercise their rights and fulfill their obligations is based on:

On relevant legislation
institutional support
Effective procedures

For the full and effective implementation of the UN Declaration on Human Rights Defenders, model legislation on the recognition and protection of human rights defenders was created.

It was developed with the participation of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, the UN Special Rapporteurs on the situation of human rights defenders, international human rights organizations and experts.

Model legislation has 3 goals:

Technical assistance for the development of legal, policy and institutional arrangements
Tools for human rights defenders advocating greater legal recognition and protection of their important work
Tool for assessing the coverage and effectiveness of laws and policies

Proposals for the establishment of a National Mechanism for the Protection of Human Rights Defenders (NHRM) based on the Model Legislation for the Recognition and Protection of Human Rights Defenders.

The task of the NMWP is to coordinate the protection of human rights defenders.

Functions of NMWP:

Prevent possible intimidation and reprisals
Protect human rights defenders from intimidation and reprisals
Help ensure proper investigations and accountability of perpetrators of intimidation and reprisals
Facilitate and encourage inter-agency coordination to prevent, protect, investigate and ensure accountability in cases of intimidation and reprisals

• Promote and publicly recognize the legitimate and important roles, functions and activities carried out by human rights defenders.

  In the world, NMWPs operate in Brazil (2004), Mexico (2012), Colombia (2011), Guatemala (2013), Honduras (2012).